The article explores the relationship between Catholic churches and vernacular architecture in eastern Fujian province through a typological study of the churches that were built in that region during the early modern period. Considering the traceability of this relationship, the mechanism behind the selection of Chinese- or Western-style church prototypes, and the influence of local construction methods, the article argues that Fujian’s early-modern churches and houses are both expressions of the same traditional craftsmanship; they represent two isomorphic groups with the same properties. Moreover, as early-modern Fujian churches blending Eastern and Western elements differ fundamentally from those built in the Chinese style during the Sinolization Period(after 1900s), this study proves useful for broadening and deepening our understanding of modern Chinese churches.